PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN RISIKO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA DI ASEAN
Keywords:
Financial Risk, Income Smoothing, Profitability
Abstract
This study examines the effect of profitability and financial risk on income smoothing practices in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Singapore Exchange, Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad, and the Philippine Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2023. Using purposive sampling, 544 firm-year observations were selected. Data were collected from annual reports, company websites, and Datastream Refinitiv Eikon. Multiple linear regression analysis conducted with IBM SPSS Version 25. The results of this study indicate that profitability and financial risk have a negative and significant effect on income smoothing. These findings emphasize the need for considering profitability and financial risk in formulating financial management strategies, aligning with POJK RI Regulation No. 17/PJOK.04/2020. Regulators should consider enhancing disclosure requirements related to values in financial reports.
References
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Adhyasta, D., & Sudarsi, S. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 7(1), 520. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v7i1.866
Agbaje, A. S., & Uthman, A. B. (2023). Bank capital, earnings smoothing and provisioning practices in Nigeria: IFRS and risk evidence. Asian Journal of Economics and Banking. https://doi.org/10.1108/ajeb-05-2022-0058
Artikel, I., Communities, R. E., & Development, S. (2022). Accounting Profession Journal (APAJI), Vol. 4 No 2, Bulan Juli 2022. 4(2), 167–178.
Ashari, N., Koh, H. C., Tan, S. L., & Wong, W. H. (1994). Factors Affecting Income Smoothing Among Listed Companies in Singapore. Accounting and Business Research, 24(96), 291–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1994.9729488
Asmapane, S., & Igo, S. (2021). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan , risiko keuangan , dan dividend payout ratio terhadap perataan laba pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia The effect of company size , financial risk , and dividend payout ratio on income smoothing i. 18(4), 695–701.
Biswas, S., Bhattacharya, S. N., Jin, J. Y., Bhattacharya, M., & Sadarangani, P. H. (2024). Loan loss provisions and income smoothing in banks: the role of trade openness and IFRS in BRICS. China Accounting and Finance Review, 26(1), 76–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/cafr-03-2023-0037
De Silva Lokuwaduge, C. S., Smark, C., & Mir, M. (2022). The Surge of Environmental Social and Governance Reporting and Sustainable Development Goals: Some Normative Thoughts. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 16(2), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v16i2.2
Dewi, N. M. S. R., Merawati, L. K., & Tandio, D. R. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Income Smoothing Pada Perusahaan Industri Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018 - 2020. Jurnal Kharisma, 4(3), 246–255.
Fujafr, D. A. N. K., Kolawole, J., & Olateju, O. A. (2024). Pengaruh Pembiayaan Hutang terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba di antara Bank- Bank Deposito yang Terdaftar di Nigeria.
Gani, P. (2022). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar di BEI). Owner, 6(1), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i1.613
Grimaldi, F., Caragnano, A., Zito, M., & Mariani, M. (2020). Sustainability engagement and earnings management: The Italian context. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(12), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124881
Gu, W. (2020). Review of Earnings Management Literature. Modern Economy, 11(03), 620–631. https://doi.org/10.4236/me.2020.113046
Henseler, M., Maisonnave, H., & Maskaeva, A. (2022). Economic impacts of COVID-19 on the tourism sector in Tanzania. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 3(1), 100042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annale.2022.100042
Herdjiono, I., Roempoembo, A. B. B., Hayon, P. P., & Ilyas, I. (2019). Income Smoothing Determinants in Indonesia Banking Industry. 305(Icebess 2018), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.2991/icebess-18.2019.6
Inayah, M., & Izzaty, K. N. (2021). The Influence Of Cash Holding, Profitability, And Institutional Ownership On Income Smoothing. International Journal of Accounting, Taxation, and Business, 2(1), 51–67. https://journal.unsika.ac.id/index.php/IJATB
Jensen, M., & Meckling, W. (1974). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs, and ownership structure. The Economic Nature of the Firm: A Reader, Third Edition, 283–303. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817410.023
Kustono, A., & Kusuma Sari, E. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas Dan Financial Leverage Terhadap Praktik Perataan Penghasilan Pada Bank-Bank Di Indonesia. Media Riset Akuntansi, 2(2), 99–112.
Lahaya, I. A. (2020). Pengaruh Dividend Payout Ratio, Risiko Keuangan, Nilai Perusahaan, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Perataan Laba. Akuntabel, 14(1), 11.
Lennox, C., & Wu, J. S. (2022). A review of China-related accounting research in the past 25 years. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 74(2–3), 101539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2022.101539
Li, Y., Kannan, Y., Rau, S., & Yang, S. (2022). Real earnings management, corporate governance and stock price crash risk: evidence from China. China Accounting and Finance Review, 24(2), 172–198. https://doi.org/10.1108/cafr-03-2022-0014
Maotama, N. S., & Astika, I. B. P. (2020). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Kepemilikan Manajerial terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba (Income Smoothing). E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 30(7), 1767. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2020.v30.i07.p12
Michelson, S., Wootton, C. W., & Jordan-Wagner, J. (2021). An Analysis of Income Smoothing. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 2(1), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v2i1.3758
Mirwan, D. R., & Amin, M. N. (2020). Pengaruh Financial Leverage, Profitabilitas, Net Profit Margin, Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba. Akuntabilitas, 14(2), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.29259/ja.v14i2.10982
Natalie, N., & Astika, I. B. P. (2019). Pengaruh Cash Holding, Bonus Plan, Reputasi Auditor, Profitabilitas dan Leverage pada Income Smoothing. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 15(2), 943–972.
Nelyumna, Nursari, & Sri Ambarwati. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kompensasi Bonus Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba. Jurnal Ekonomi, 27(2), 174–190. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v27i2.1005
Ozili, P. K. (2022). Determinants of bank income smoothing using loan loss provisions in the United Kingdom. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeas-09-2021-0192
Palupi, A. (2020). The Effect of Corporate Governance and Income Tax on Income Smoothing. Equity, 23(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.34209/equ.v23i1.1307
Putri, P. A. D. W., & Budiasih, I. G. A. N. (2018). Pengaruh Financial Leverage, Cash Holding, dan ROA Pada IncomeSmoothing di Bursa Efek Indonesia. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 22, 1936. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Akuntansi/article/view/36762
Ratnasari, D., Suriyanti, L. H., & Azmi, Z. (2021). Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perataan Laba Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2019. Seminar Nasional Ekonomi Bisnis & Akuntansi, 1(1), 108–121.
Ronen, J & Sadan, S. (1981). Income Smoothing and Earnings Informativeness a Matter of Institutional Characteristics or Accounting Standards ? Assurance of PriceWaterhouse in Eindhoven, 1(1), 62–80.
Samina Rooh, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Farooq Malik, & Muhammad Tahir. (2021). Corporate Governance Characteristics and Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) Performance: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Pakistan. Journal of Business & Tourism, 7(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v7i1.218
Santoso, W., & Ketua Dewan Komisioner. (2020). Salinan Peraturan OJK RI Nomor 17/PJOK.04/2020 Tentang Transaksi Material dan Perubahan Kegiatan Usaha. Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia, 1–40.
Scott. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kualitas Audit, Nilai Perusahaan, Dewan Komisaris Independen Dan Ukuran Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Manajemen Laba Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei. Jurnal Fairness, 9(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.33369/fairness.v9i1.15221
Shala, A., Ozili, P. K., & Ahmeti, S. (2024). Impact of competition and concentration on bank income smoothing in Central and Eastern European countries. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 29(57), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-11-2021-0250
Shuaibu, K., & Muhammad, A. (2019). BANK-BANK DEPOSITO YANG TERDAFTAR DI NIGERIA. 1(April).
Sinaga, N. S. A., & Masdjojo, G. N. (2022). Faktor Internal Bank Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Tahun 2016-2020. Kompak :Jurnal Ilmiah Komputerisasi Akuntansi, 15(1), 146–158. https://journal.stekom.ac.id/index.php/kompak/article/view/625
Trisna, M., & Handayani, S. (2022). Pengaruh Risk, Dividend Payout Ratio, dan Sales Growth Terhadap Perataan Laba. JACFA Journal Advancement Center for Finance and Accounting, 3(2), 327–365. http://journal.jacfa.id/index.php
Adhyasta, D., & Sudarsi, S. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Solvabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 7(1), 520. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v7i1.866
Agbaje, A. S., & Uthman, A. B. (2023). Bank capital, earnings smoothing and provisioning practices in Nigeria: IFRS and risk evidence. Asian Journal of Economics and Banking. https://doi.org/10.1108/ajeb-05-2022-0058
Artikel, I., Communities, R. E., & Development, S. (2022). Accounting Profession Journal (APAJI), Vol. 4 No 2, Bulan Juli 2022. 4(2), 167–178.
Ashari, N., Koh, H. C., Tan, S. L., & Wong, W. H. (1994). Factors Affecting Income Smoothing Among Listed Companies in Singapore. Accounting and Business Research, 24(96), 291–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1994.9729488
Asmapane, S., & Igo, S. (2021). Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan , risiko keuangan , dan dividend payout ratio terhadap perataan laba pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia The effect of company size , financial risk , and dividend payout ratio on income smoothing i. 18(4), 695–701.
Biswas, S., Bhattacharya, S. N., Jin, J. Y., Bhattacharya, M., & Sadarangani, P. H. (2024). Loan loss provisions and income smoothing in banks: the role of trade openness and IFRS in BRICS. China Accounting and Finance Review, 26(1), 76–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/cafr-03-2023-0037
De Silva Lokuwaduge, C. S., Smark, C., & Mir, M. (2022). The Surge of Environmental Social and Governance Reporting and Sustainable Development Goals: Some Normative Thoughts. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 16(2), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v16i2.2
Dewi, N. M. S. R., Merawati, L. K., & Tandio, D. R. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Income Smoothing Pada Perusahaan Industri Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018 - 2020. Jurnal Kharisma, 4(3), 246–255.
Fujafr, D. A. N. K., Kolawole, J., & Olateju, O. A. (2024). Pengaruh Pembiayaan Hutang terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba di antara Bank- Bank Deposito yang Terdaftar di Nigeria.
Gani, P. (2022). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar di BEI). Owner, 6(1), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i1.613
Grimaldi, F., Caragnano, A., Zito, M., & Mariani, M. (2020). Sustainability engagement and earnings management: The Italian context. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(12), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124881
Gu, W. (2020). Review of Earnings Management Literature. Modern Economy, 11(03), 620–631. https://doi.org/10.4236/me.2020.113046
Henseler, M., Maisonnave, H., & Maskaeva, A. (2022). Economic impacts of COVID-19 on the tourism sector in Tanzania. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 3(1), 100042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annale.2022.100042
Herdjiono, I., Roempoembo, A. B. B., Hayon, P. P., & Ilyas, I. (2019). Income Smoothing Determinants in Indonesia Banking Industry. 305(Icebess 2018), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.2991/icebess-18.2019.6
Inayah, M., & Izzaty, K. N. (2021). The Influence Of Cash Holding, Profitability, And Institutional Ownership On Income Smoothing. International Journal of Accounting, Taxation, and Business, 2(1), 51–67. https://journal.unsika.ac.id/index.php/IJATB
Jensen, M., & Meckling, W. (1974). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs, and ownership structure. The Economic Nature of the Firm: A Reader, Third Edition, 283–303. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817410.023
Kustono, A., & Kusuma Sari, E. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas Dan Financial Leverage Terhadap Praktik Perataan Penghasilan Pada Bank-Bank Di Indonesia. Media Riset Akuntansi, 2(2), 99–112.
Lahaya, I. A. (2020). Pengaruh Dividend Payout Ratio, Risiko Keuangan, Nilai Perusahaan, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Perataan Laba. Akuntabel, 14(1), 11.
Lennox, C., & Wu, J. S. (2022). A review of China-related accounting research in the past 25 years. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 74(2–3), 101539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2022.101539
Li, Y., Kannan, Y., Rau, S., & Yang, S. (2022). Real earnings management, corporate governance and stock price crash risk: evidence from China. China Accounting and Finance Review, 24(2), 172–198. https://doi.org/10.1108/cafr-03-2022-0014
Maotama, N. S., & Astika, I. B. P. (2020). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Kepemilikan Manajerial terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba (Income Smoothing). E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 30(7), 1767. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2020.v30.i07.p12
Michelson, S., Wootton, C. W., & Jordan-Wagner, J. (2021). An Analysis of Income Smoothing. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER), 2(1), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v2i1.3758
Mirwan, D. R., & Amin, M. N. (2020). Pengaruh Financial Leverage, Profitabilitas, Net Profit Margin, Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba. Akuntabilitas, 14(2), 225–242. https://doi.org/10.29259/ja.v14i2.10982
Natalie, N., & Astika, I. B. P. (2019). Pengaruh Cash Holding, Bonus Plan, Reputasi Auditor, Profitabilitas dan Leverage pada Income Smoothing. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 15(2), 943–972.
Nelyumna, Nursari, & Sri Ambarwati. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kompensasi Bonus Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Praktik Perataan Laba. Jurnal Ekonomi, 27(2), 174–190. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v27i2.1005
Ozili, P. K. (2022). Determinants of bank income smoothing using loan loss provisions in the United Kingdom. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeas-09-2021-0192
Palupi, A. (2020). The Effect of Corporate Governance and Income Tax on Income Smoothing. Equity, 23(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.34209/equ.v23i1.1307
Putri, P. A. D. W., & Budiasih, I. G. A. N. (2018). Pengaruh Financial Leverage, Cash Holding, dan ROA Pada IncomeSmoothing di Bursa Efek Indonesia. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 22, 1936. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Akuntansi/article/view/36762
Ratnasari, D., Suriyanti, L. H., & Azmi, Z. (2021). Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perataan Laba Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2019. Seminar Nasional Ekonomi Bisnis & Akuntansi, 1(1), 108–121.
Ronen, J & Sadan, S. (1981). Income Smoothing and Earnings Informativeness a Matter of Institutional Characteristics or Accounting Standards ? Assurance of PriceWaterhouse in Eindhoven, 1(1), 62–80.
Samina Rooh, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Farooq Malik, & Muhammad Tahir. (2021). Corporate Governance Characteristics and Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) Performance: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Pakistan. Journal of Business & Tourism, 7(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.34260/jbt.v7i1.218
Santoso, W., & Ketua Dewan Komisioner. (2020). Salinan Peraturan OJK RI Nomor 17/PJOK.04/2020 Tentang Transaksi Material dan Perubahan Kegiatan Usaha. Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia, 1–40.
Scott. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kualitas Audit, Nilai Perusahaan, Dewan Komisaris Independen Dan Ukuran Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Manajemen Laba Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei. Jurnal Fairness, 9(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.33369/fairness.v9i1.15221
Shala, A., Ozili, P. K., & Ahmeti, S. (2024). Impact of competition and concentration on bank income smoothing in Central and Eastern European countries. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 29(57), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-11-2021-0250
Shuaibu, K., & Muhammad, A. (2019). BANK-BANK DEPOSITO YANG TERDAFTAR DI NIGERIA. 1(April).
Sinaga, N. S. A., & Masdjojo, G. N. (2022). Faktor Internal Bank Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Tahun 2016-2020. Kompak :Jurnal Ilmiah Komputerisasi Akuntansi, 15(1), 146–158. https://journal.stekom.ac.id/index.php/kompak/article/view/625
Trisna, M., & Handayani, S. (2022). Pengaruh Risk, Dividend Payout Ratio, dan Sales Growth Terhadap Perataan Laba. JACFA Journal Advancement Center for Finance and Accounting, 3(2), 327–365. http://journal.jacfa.id/index.php
Published
2024-11-23
How to Cite
Shakila Putri Amanda, & Widiastuty, E. (2024). PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN RISIKO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA DI ASEAN . Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Aksioma, 23(2), 212-222. https://doi.org/10.29303/aksioma.v23i2.333
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Shakila Putri Amanda, Erna Widiastuty
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
